'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam al-Asadi (Arabic: عروة بن الزبير بن العوام الأسدي‎, died 713) was among the seven fuqaha (jurists) who formulated the fiqh of Medina in the time of the Tabi‘in and one of Muslim historian.
Biography
Family
He was the son of Asma bint Abi Bakr and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, the brother of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, the nephew of Prophet Mohammed, and the nephew of Aisha bint Abu Bakr.
His son was Hisham ibn Urwa
Uthman's era
He was born in the early years of the caliphate of Uthman in Medina and lived through the civil war which occurred after Uthman's murder. Although his brother Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr wrested the rule from Abd al-Malik, it is unknown if he assisted him. He devoted himself to the study of fiqh and hadith and had the greatest knowledge of hadiths narrated from Aishah. He said, "Before Aishah died, I saw that I had become one of four authorities. I said, 'If she dies, there will be no hadith which will be lost from those she knows. I have memorized all of them."
Legacy
He was one of the 7 jurists of Medina.
Works
Urwah wrote many books but, fearing they might become sources of authority alongside the Qur'an, destroyed them the day of the Battle of al-Harrah. He later regretted that, saying "I would rather have them in my possession than my family and property twice over."
He is also known to have written one of the first writings in the area of the biography of the Prophet Muhammad, known as the Tract of Seerah. This is not extant either but is known to us through Ibn Ishaq.
Hadith
Among his narrations are: His transmitted narrations from:
- Aisha
His narrations are transmitted by:
- Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri
Non-Muslim view
Gregor Schoeler calls him as the first head of what he calls a "Madinese historical school," who began the systematic organization of material into books (tasnīf)
Early Islam scholars
See also
- The Seven Fuqaha of Medina
- Sunni view of the Sahaba
References
- ^ Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Taqrib al-Tahdhib
- ^ a b Sahih Muslim, 19:4354
- ^ Ibn Hajar, Taqrib al-Tahdhib
- ^ Al-Muwatta, 28 18.42
- ^ "Mit-Ejmes".Â
- ^ The Quran
- ^ The Great Fiqh
- ^ Al-Muwatta'
- ^ Sahih al-Bukhari
- ^ Sahih Muslim
- ^ Jami` at-Tirmidhi
- ^ Mishkât Al-Anwar
- ^ The Niche for Lights
- ^ Women in Islam: An Indonesian Perspective by Syafiq Hasyim. Page 67
- ^ ulama, bewley.virtualave.net
- ^ 1.Proof & Historiography - The Islamic Evidence. theislamicevidence.webs.com
- ^ Atlas Al-sīrah Al-Nabawīyah. Darussalam, 2004. Pg 270
- ^ Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz by Imam Abu Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Hakam died 829
also:
- The Four Imams, Muhammad Abu Zahrah, Dar al-Taqwa Publications
External links
- Biography of Imam 'Urwah Ibn Az Zubayr and the others 7 jurists of Medina
- (French) Biography of Imam 'Urwah Ibn Az Zubayr by at-tawhid.net