Pro-independence movements in Russian Civil War

Pro-independence movements in Russian Civil War within the territory of the former Russian Empire sought for creation of independent and non-Bolshevik nation states after the October Revolution. They were often supported politically or militarily by the Entente Powers. Some of them cooperated with the Russian White Movement, others were opposed to it.

The following list presents the major pro-independence movements and the conflicts they were involved in during this period.

Western periphery

•  Finland (Independence from 1917)

Finnish Civil War

Heimosodat >

Viena expedition

Aunus expedition

•   Poland (Independence from 1918)

Polish-Ukrainian War

Polish-Soviet War

Polish-Lithuanian War

•   Ukraine (Independence 1917-1921. Partitioned between Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Ukrainian SSR)
  •   Ukrainian State
  •   West Ukraine
  •   Komancza
  •   Hutsul
  •   Lemko

Ukrainian War of Independence

Polish-Ukrainian War

•   Belarus (Independence 1918-1919. Partitioned between Poland and Belarusian SSR)
•   Crimea (Independence 1917-1918. Invaded by Russia, later restored for a short while by Ukrainian army)
  •   2nd Crimea
•   Moldova

Baltic States

•  Estonia (Independence from 1918)

Estonian War of Independence

•  Latvia (Independence from 1918)

Latvian War of Independence

•   Lithuania (Independence from 1918)

Lithuanian Wars of Independence

Polish-Lithuanian War

European Russia

• East European Russia
  •   Little Bashkortostan (Independence 1917-1919. Allied with RSFSR and later annexed by it)
  •   Idel-Ural (Failed. Annexed by Russian SFSR)

• North European Russia
  •   Ingria
  •   Karelia

• South European Russia
  •   Kuban (Independence 1918-1920. Annexed by Russian SFSR)
  •   Don (Independence 1918-1919. Annexed by Russian SFSR)

Eastern periphery

• Siberia
  •   Siberian regionalism

• Far East
  •   Green Ukraine

Caucasus

•   Transcaucasia
•   Azerbaijan (Independence 1918-1920. Transformed into Azerbaijan SSR)

Armenian-Azerbaijani War

•   Armenia (Independence 1918-1921. Transformed into Armenian SSR)
  •   Mountainous Armenia

Georgianâ€"Armenian War 1918

Armenian-Azerbaijani War

Turkish-Armenian War

•   Georgia (Independence 1918-1921. Transformed into Georgian SSR)

Georgianâ€"Ossetian conflict

Georgianâ€"Armenian War 1918

Sochi conflict

Red Army invasion of Georgia

•   Caucasian Emirate
•   Caucasian Republic (Independence 1918-1920. Annexed by Russian SFSR)

Central Asia

• Basmachi